[1]谢 空,林馨莹.明清大名古城形态特征研究[J].西安建筑科技大学学报(社会科学版),2022,41(03):46-54.[doi:10.15986/j.1008-7192.2022.03.007]
　XIE Kong,LIN Xin-ying.A Study on the Morphological Characteristics of Daming Ancient City in Ming and Qing Dynasties[J].Journal of Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology(Social Science Edition),2022,41(03):46-54.[doi:10.15986/j.1008-7192.2022.03.007]
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明清大名古城形态特征研究()
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西安建筑科技大学学报（社会科学版）[ISSN:1008-7192/CN:61-1330/C]

卷:
41
期数:
2022年03期
页码:
46-54
栏目:
建筑文化
出版日期:
2022-06-25

文章信息/Info

Title:
A Study on the Morphological Characteristics of Daming Ancient City in Ming and Qing Dynasties
文章编号:
1008-7192(2022)03-0046-09
作者:
谢 空; 林馨莹
(河北工程大学 建筑与艺术学院,河北 邯郸 056038)
Author(s):
XIE Kong;  LIN Xin-ying
(School of Architecture and Art, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China)
关键词:
大名古城;  明清时期;  城市形态学;  形态特征
Keywords:
Daming Ancient City;  Ming and Qing Dynasties;  urban morphology;  morphological characteristics
分类号:
TU241.5
DOI:
10.15986/j.1008-7192.2022.03.007
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
作为畿辅八府之首,明清大名古城一直是河北雄镇。在明清、中华民国时期历史资料研究的基础上,结合实地调研情况,将大名古城从明代开始的城市建设情况分为三个重要阶段进行考察,并从宏观、中观、微观三个层次,整体探究古城的自然环境、选址特点、防御体系、街巷系统、街廓形态以及建筑特征。在实地调研与街巷复原的基础上,通过对大名古城形态分析,发现大名古城为典型的“方城十字街”模式,是我国明代北方筑城的典型案例。结果表明:1)西高东低的地势环境与气候条件决定了明清大名古城选址与布局; 2)护城河环绕、十字大街模式、方格网布局形成仿生“龟城”模式; 3)功能性建筑的分布使城南形成政治商业文化空间,城北形成小型集市空间,由此构成“前朝后市”的城市格局。
Abstract:
As the first of the eight prefectures in Jifu, the special administrative districts around the capital, the Daming Ancient City of Ming and Qing Dynasties has always been an important town in Hebei all the time. Based on the research of historical data of the Ming and Qing Dynasties and the period of Republic of China and also the field investigations, this article investigates the urban construction of Daming Ancient City in three important stages from the Ming Dynasty. Moreover, it explores the natural environment, site selection characteristics, defense system, street system, street profile form and other architectural features as a whole from the macro, medium, and micro levels. With the field investigation and street restoration, the article analyzes the morphology of Daming Ancient City, for it is “a square city with cross street”, a typical case of northern city construction in the Ming Dynasty in China. The results show that: 1)the site selection and layout of Daming Ancient City in Ming and Qing Dynasties is determined by the terrain environment that is high in the west and low in the east and the climatic conditions; 2)the surrounding moats, the cross street pattern, and the grid layout form a bionic pattern of “turtle city”; 3)the distribution of functional buildings forms a political, commercial and cultural space in the south of the city, and a small market space in the north of the city, thus an urban pattern of “a court in the front and a market at the back”.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期:2021-12-07
基金项目:2021-2022年度河北省社会科学基金项目(HB21YS009)
作者简介:谢 空(1969-),男,河北工程大学建筑与艺术学院副教授,硕士,研究方向为建筑历史及其理论; 林馨莹(1995-),女,河北工程大学建筑与艺术学院硕士研究生,研究方向为建筑历史及其理论。E-mail:846033609@qq.com

更新日期/Last Update: 2022-06-25