文化作为整全的生活方式——论雷蒙德·威廉斯的共同文化观

(中央党校 研究生院,北京100091)

威廉斯; 共同文化; 整全; 人类; 共同体

Culture as a Whole Way of Life——On Raymond Williams' view of common culture
WANG Tong

(Graduate School, Party School of the Central Committee of CPC,Beijing,100091,China)

Williams; common culture; whole; characteristics; community

DOI: 10.15986/j.1008-7192.2020.04.008

备注

工业主义给英国社会带来了种种弊端和人性异化,英国文化研究者雷蒙德·威廉斯通过考察“文化-社会”传统、“文化”概念的形成过程以及诸多思想家对于解决此问题的方案,选择“文化作为整全的生活方式”这一独特论断,并在精英文化与大众文化的对立分析中阐释了共同文化的形成。同时,认为“文化作为整全的生活方式”有其社会性、批判性和日常性的三维特征,可以解决阶级、个体、社会与文化的多重关系问题,以彰显文化整体性功能的实现。此外,这一文化观在当下与“人类共同体”观念具有相似的价值维度,是对“共同体”思想在文化问题上的深入探讨,对于后工业文明下人类的生存与发展具有重要的启示意义。

Industrialism has brought all kinds of malpractices and human nature alienation to British society. By inspecting the“Culture and Society” tradition, the concepturalizingprocess of “Culture”and the ideas to solve the problem of a variety of key thinkers,British cultural researcher Raymond Williams selects the unique assertion that “culture is a whole way of life”, and explains the formation of a common culture in the contrast analysis of elite culture and mass culture. At the same time, it is believed that there are three-dimensional characteristics in the idea of “culture as a whole way of life”,that is, sociality, criticism and conventionality. The thought can solve the problem of a multiple relationship between class, individual, society and culture and highlight the realization of the integrity function of culture. In addition, this cultural view, identical to the values of “a community with shared future for mankind” at the moment, is an in-depth discussion and development from perspective of culture. It is of important for human survival and development under post-industrial civilization.