[1]李琰君,郭 鑫,吴李玥.陕北榆林地区窑洞民居形态与建筑文化解析[J].西安建筑科技大学学报(社会科学版),2022,41(05):21-32.[doi:10.15986/j.1008-7192.2022.05.004 ]
　LI Yan-jun,GUO Xin,WU Li-yue.An Analysis on the Architectural Form and Culture of Cave Dwellings in Yulin Area of Northern Shaanxi[J].Journal of Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology(Social Science Edition),2022,41(05):21-32.[doi:10.15986/j.1008-7192.2022.05.004 ]
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陕北榆林地区窑洞民居形态与建筑文化解析()
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西安建筑科技大学学报（社会科学版）[ISSN:1008-7192/CN:61-1330/C]

卷:
41
期数:
2022年05期
页码:
21-32
栏目:
建筑文化
出版日期:
2022-10-25

文章信息/Info

Title:
An Analysis on the Architectural Form and Culture of Cave Dwellings in Yulin Area of Northern Shaanxi
文章编号:
1008-7192(2022)05-0021-12
作者:
李琰君1; 郭 鑫2; 吴李玥1
(1.陕西科技大学 设计与艺术学院，陕西 西安 710021；2.西安理工大学 艺术与设计学院，陕西 西安 710054)
Author(s):
LI Yan-jun1;  GUO Xin2;  WU Li-yue1
(1.School of Design and Art, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China; 2.School of Art and Design, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710054, China)
关键词:
陕北窑洞; 传统民居; 建筑形态; 建筑文化
Keywords:
cave dwellings in northern Shaanxi;  traditional dwellings;  architectural form;  architectural culture
分类号:
TU241.5
DOI:
10.15986/j.1008-7192.2022.05.004
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
陕北传统窑洞民居作为人们日常生活的栖息场所、地域文化的一种载体、先辈们建造技艺的结晶、黄河文化与华夏文明发展的遗存佐证而具有历史性、实用性、技术性、审美性和不可代替性。对其进行深入研究具有很高的历史价值、社会价值和学术价值。通过田野调查、资料分析、现场测绘、归类统计、CAD制图和3D建模等手法，详实地展示了榆林窑洞民居的建筑形制与结构特征，并在理论上得出:榆林传统民居院落以窑洞院式、混合院式为典型的形式，以及以窑为主，窑房相融的地域特征；在院落布局上遵循传统的中轴对称布局形式，且房屋在方位的前后、体量的大小上遵循了传统礼制文化中前后有序、尊卑有别的等级思想；在构建与装饰上兼具实用性与美化性。旨在为丰富和研究陕北传统民居理论成果提供参考，为传统民居保护与传承以及窑洞建筑所体现出的“生态、绿色、环保”特征再利用提供依据。
Abstract:
The traditional cave dwellings in northern Shaanxi are the habitat of people's daily life, the vehicle of regional culture, the product of the construction skills of the ancestors, and the residual evidence of the development of the Yellow River culture and the Chinese civilization, which have irreplaceable value in history, practicality, technology and aesthetics. Therefore, an in-depth study of them is of great historical, social and academic value. By means of field survey, data analysis, field mapping, categorization statistics, CAD drawing and 3D modeling, this paper explains the architectural and structural characteristics of Yulin's cave dwellings in detail, and comes to the conclusion theoretically that Yulin's traditional dwelling courtyards take the typical form of cave courtyards and mixed courtyards, and present the regional features of mere caves or cave-house integration. The layout of the courtyard follows the traditional axial symmetric rule, and the building volume and orientation conform to the strict hierarchy concept in Chinese traditional ritual culture. The construction and decoration are both practical and beautiful. This paper aims to provide a reference for enriching and studying the theoretical achievements of traditional residential buildings in northern Shaanxi, and to provide a basis for the conservation and inheritance of traditional dwellings and the reuse of “ecological, green, and environmental protection” embodied in the cave dwellings.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期:2022-02-23
基金项目:国家社科基金艺术学重点项目“陆路‘丝绸之路'境内段中国传统民居建筑艺术及民俗文化研究”(18AH008); 陕西省社会科学基金项目“黄河文明:陕西传统民居建筑文化挖掘与数字化整理研究”(2022J003); 陕西省高层次领军人才计划
作者简介:李琰君(1962-)，男，陕西科技大学设计与艺术学院教授，博士生导师，博士，研究方向为传统民居与建筑文化、城市规划与环境设计等; 郭 鑫(1994-)，女，西安理工大学设计与艺术学院硕士生，研究方向为传统民居与建筑文化。E-mail:liyanjun1@sust.edu.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2022-10-25