[1]李旭斌,金健.民事诉讼证据合法性要件之批判 [J].西安建筑科技大学学报(社会科学版),2012,31(02):11-16.
LI Xu-bin,JIN Jian.On the Legality Requirements of Evidence in Civil Action[J].Journal of Xi’an University of Architecture & Technology(Social Science Edition),2012,31(02):11-16.
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民事诉讼证据合法性要件之批判
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西安建筑科技大学学报（社会科学版）[ISSN:1008-7192/CN:61-1330/C]
- 卷:
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31
- 期数:
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2012年02期
- 页码:
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11-16
- 栏目:
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法学研究
- 出版日期:
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1900-01-01
文章信息/Info
- Title:
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On the Legality Requirements of Evidence in Civil Action
- 文章编号:
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1008-7192(2012)02-0011-06
- 作者:
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?李旭斌;金健
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?（南京大学法学院，南京，210093）
- Author(s):
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?LI Xu-bin; JIN Jian
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?( Law School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China)
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- 关键词:
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合法性特征; 证据; 合法性批判; 实践意义
- Keywords:
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nature of legality; evidence; criticism to legality; practical significance
- 分类号:
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D 925
- 文献标志码:
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A
- 摘要:
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?证据必须具备合法性要件是目前诉讼法学学界、司法实务界的共识性结论,但对于合法性要件的具体内容,目前学界尚存在较大的分歧。从证据概念及证据的本源意义入手,从逻辑理论和实证分析两个视角对证据的合法性要件进行分析,可以发现合法性不能成为证据的一个特征或构成要件,而是法官在某一事实材料已经成为某一案件的证据之后,综合案件内外各种因素进行价值选择和利益衡量,进而决定是否采纳该项证据的一种证据规则。法律对证据的形式、收集证据的主体、程序和手段等加以规定,仅仅是为了巩固其真实性、关联性,或为了保护其他民事主体的合法权益,或基于其他价值考量,而对于证据本身,并不能用简单的合法或非法标准加以判断并进而肯定或否定其证据资格。否定证据的合法性要件不仅是理顺证据制度逻辑理论上的需要,也是民事诉讼中当事人举证负担加重的背景下提高其举证能力和法院全面查清案件事实的需要。
- Abstract:
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?The viewpoint that evidence must be lawful in its nature has been a consensus in the academia and the legal practice field, however, what is the legality of evidence has been a disputed issue in the academia. To start with the introduction of the concept of evidence and its original functions, this article aims to criticize the characteristic of evidence that it must be obtained lawfully, from the two angles of logical theory and empirical analysis. Based on the previous arguments, this article tries to point out that legality is not one of evidence’s intrinsic nature or essentials, but a rule that after a certain factual materials has been defined as the evidence of a case, the judges make choices between relevant values and measure interests of different participants in the case, and decide whether to adopt the evidence in the end. The laws stipulate the forms of evidence, the collecting parties, procedure and ways of collecting the evidence, in the purpose of ensuring the evidence true and relevant to the case, or protecting others’ lawful interests, or for other values related. But for evidence itself, it shouldn’t be simply judged as lawful or unlawful, and thus be decided whether to use in proving the case. The denial of legality of evidence is not only the needs of improvement in logical theory of evidence, but also the requirements of promoting parties’ faculty of submitting evidence and facilitating finding out the truth thoroughly and comprehensively for the judges.
更新日期/Last Update:
2015-08-05