马克思时间观念的内在逻辑结构

(中国矿业大学 马克思主义学院,江苏 徐州 221116)

必要劳动时间; 剩余劳动时间; 自由时间

On the Inherent Logical Structure of Marx's Idea of Time
CHENG Hui-min

(School of Marxism,China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China)

necessary labor time; surplus labor time; free time

DOI: 10.15986/j.1008-7192.2018.04.002

备注

在马克思那里,时间成为人类存在状态的一种表现,对时间的研究本质上也就是对“人”的剖析。就时间的内在逻辑结构而言,马克思认为它主要由“劳动时间”和“自由时间”构成,其中,前者又包括着“必要劳动时间”、“剩余劳动时间”两部分。他对此三部分内容的解释意在分别揭露出劳动力价值、剩余价值和自由发展的根本所在,由此便展现了时间的经济哲学内涵、“人”的意义性存在。可以说,人的存在论成为马克思时间观念得以生成的重要基点,这也反映出该理论的一个显著特点。

According to Marx, the time is a way to manifest human existence, the study of which dissects human beings essentially. Marx believes that the inherent logical structure of time is mainly composed of “labor time” and “free time”, and the former also includes two parts of “the necessary labor time” and “the surplus labor time”. Marx's explanation of the above three sections of time aims to respectively reveal the prescriptive essence of the labor value, the surplus value and the free development, which shows the economic and philosophical connotation of time and the meaningful existence of “human beings”. It can be said that Marx's idea of time is generated from the theory of human existence, which is an important basic point and also reflects the remarkable characteristics of this theory.

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