客家生命文化在空间营造中的体现研究

(1.广东省东莞理工学院 生态环境和建筑学院,广东 东莞 523808; 2.武汉大学 城市设计学院,湖北 武汉 430000)

生命文化; 空间营造; 客家

A Study of Hakka' Culture of Life Reflected in Space Construction
YE Peng1, ZHAO Bing2

(1.Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China;2.Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China)

culture of life; space construction; Hakka

DOI: 10.15986/j.1008-7192.2019.04.005

备注

生命文化体现了不同个体和族群对于生命的看法和态度,具体可以分为“活着”、如何“活”和“活”着的目的 及意义三个组成部分。空间营造是人在追求理想生活环境过程中同周边自然、社会环境相互博弈的过程与结果,它完整地反映了从事营造活动的族群所秉承的生命文化思想。客家人作为中国历史上一个独特的族群,其生命文化具有典型的族群文化特点,而这些也在其空间营造中得到了完整的体现。以赣州地区的客家民居和城市空间营造为研究对象,从其族群生活文化中的移民文化、山区文化和儒家文化三个典型性特点出发,深入分析族群生命文化对于空间营造的影响,研究他们作为一个外来族群如何在崇山峻岭的陌生环境中,实现生命文化的三个组成部分。

The culture of life, which reflects the views and attitudes of different individuals and ethnic groups of life, is categorized into the understanding of “being alive”, the way to “live” and the meaning of “living”. Space construction is a process and results for human beings to struggle with the natural and social environment to seek for an ideal living settlement and thus reflects the culture of life of ethnic groups engaging in the construction activities. As a unique ethnic group in Chinese history, Hakka' culture of life is typical of the ethnic features and embodied in the space construction completely. This paper studies Hakka residences and urban space construction in Ganzhou and explores deeply the influence of ethnic life culture on space construction from the perspectives of three typical characteristics, that is, the immigrant culture, the mountain culture and the Confucian culture. It also analyses how they, as an alien ethnic group, shape the culture of life with those three components in a strange environment.