乡土书写的“善”与“恶”——以鲁迅的《故乡》和沈从文《边城》为例-西安建筑科技大学学报（社会科学版）

文章信息/Info

Keywords:: nationality; Homeland; native complex; Border town; the spiritual home

摘要:: 鲁迅以其辛辣冷酷的笔触为我们勾勒出了旧时代中国国民性之“恶”，“哀其不幸，怒其不争”成为鲁迅结构文章的总体思路。可是，《故乡》作为其特殊的乡土文本而存在，让我们重新认识到在近似于“恶”的批判视野下，鲁迅对于乡土中国以及中国国民的那份温情。同时代的沈从文企图用一种悖反的写作姿态展现乡土中国的善与美，《边城》用明朗清新的笔触为我们构建了湘西人纯洁恬静的生活方式，以期呈现完美的人性。通过对文本的解读，二者在不同的审美及叙述策略下却为我们提供了相同的精神愿景，即对于善与美的人性或者说是国民性的殷切期盼，企图为我们找寻国民的精神归属。

Abstract:: With his spicy and cold writing, Lu Xun outlines Chinese “evil” national traits in the old days of China. “Sorrow for misfortune，blame for no struggle” becomes the general idea to write his novels. However， under his pen to criticize the “evil”, Homeland existing as a special native literature presents us Lu Xun’s tender emotion given to the native Chinese and native China. With a dissimilar writing and a clear and fresh narration, Shen Congwen attempts to show the virtue and beauty of native Chinese in Border Town, where a pure and tranquil way of life is found, in order to present the perfect human nature. Based on the re-reading of the text, the paper believes that varying in aesthetic and narrative strategy, two writers not only offer a common spirit vision to expect eagerly the human nature of virtue and beauty, namely the nationality, in Chinese people , but also create positively a spiritual home for Chinese people.