哈代小说中的阶级书写

(青海民族大学 外国语学院,青海 西宁 810007)

哈代小说; 阶级意识; 阶级层次; 阶级身份; 阶级变迁; 阶级形态

The Writing of Class Affiliation in Hardy's Novels
CHEN Zhen

(College of Foreign Languages, Qinghai Nationalities University, Xining 810007, China)

Hardy's novels; class awareness; class identity; class hierarchy; class mobility; class form

DOI: 10.15986/j.1008-7192.2020.06.010

备注

19世纪英国工业革命推动下的社会变革打破了原有的社会形态和阶级结构,中产阶级势力逐渐壮大,贵族势力日渐式微,门第观念不断淡化,阶级意识不断增强,金钱财富成为界定阶级层次的价值尺度,阶级书写成为文学描摹现实的重要主题,哈代小说继承了现实主义文学传统,从阶级层次、阶级身份、阶级变迁、阶级矛盾、阶级意识、阶级与婚姻关系等方面展现了英国西南农业社会在改革大潮中的阶级状况,全面揭示了阶级基于财富资本的复杂的人文内涵,体现了哈代对社会阶级百态的终极关怀,勾勒出英国乡村的社会阶级图景,成为19世纪英国农村阶级态势的缩影。

With the drive of British industrial revolution in the 19th century, the social transformation broke the original social form and the class structure. Because of the fact that the middle class was growing in power, the aristocracy was in decline, family values were fading, class consciousness was enhanced, and money and wealth became the measure of value that defines the class level, the writing of class affiliation provided themes for realist literature. Succeeding in the English literature tradition of realism, Hardy's novels truly reflects the class situation of the agricultural communities in Southwestern England in the aspects of class stratification, class identity, class mobility, class conflict, class awareness, class and marriage, and so on. In a word, his works discloses the complicated humanistic connotation that the wealth and capital is the basis of class sketches the social class in English countryside and epitomizes the situation of 19th-century English class.