古都内外之“当代洋建筑”——西安国外建筑师设计作品解析(1978—2020)

(1.西安建筑科技大学 建筑学院,陕西 西安 710055; 2.中联西北工程设计研究院有限公司 华盛二所,陕西 西安 710077)

国外建筑师; 古都西安; 历史; 当代建筑设计作品

“The Contemporary Foreign Architecture” in the Ancient Capital——An analysis of the design works by foreign architects in Xi'an(1978—2020)
SONG Hui1, CAO Tian1,2

(1.College of Architecture, Xi'an Univ. of Arch. and Tech., Xi'an 710055, China; 2.The Second Huasheng Architecture Design Office, China United Northwest Institute for Engineering Design & Research Co., Ltd., Xi'an 710077, China)

foreign architects; ancient capital, Xi'an; history; contemporary architectural design

DOI: 10.15986/j.1008-7192.2021.04.005

备注

自20世纪80年代初改革开放以来,国外建筑师作为一股新生力量走上中国建筑当代设计实践的舞台,尤其在我国东南沿海地区城市,国外建筑师设计的作品更是屡见不鲜。而地理位置处于西北内陆的古都西安,也相继出现了40余栋国外建筑师设计作品。这些作品或是基于古都历史环境的现代创作,或以大胆新奇的形式与古都对话,都是多元化的当代建筑思潮与城市历史文脉之间碰撞的结果。通过梳理这些建筑作品的发展历程,探究其结果形式背后的源流与历史原因,并分析与解读近40年来西安国外建筑师设计作品的总体特征与发展规律,阐释西安当代建筑在多元文化下重视地域传统的自有特征,以及从封闭到开放的当代建筑设计发展过程。在厘清这段建筑史的同时,为西安当代建筑设计实践提供一面镜子,审视我国当代城市建筑发展中出现的“奇、大、同”的问题,并试图为当代城市建筑创作活动提供启迪与反思。
Since the reform and opening up in the early 1980s, foreign architects as a new force have stepped onto the stage of contemporary design practice of Chinese architectures, and the design works of foreign architects are not uncommon especially in the coastal area of southeast China. Also more than 40 buildings of this kind appeared successively in Xi'an, which is a geographically interior city and was once an ancient capital. These works are either modern architecture in pace with the historical environment of the ancient capital, or the bold and novel forms to dialogue with this city, hence a collision between the diversified contemporary architectural thoughts and the historical context of the city. By combing the development of these architectural works and exploring the origin and history behind the resulting forms, the paper analyzes the overall characteristics and development trends of the design works by foreign architects in Xi'an in the past 40 years. A clear interpretation is given to its own characteristics that contemporary architecture values the regional traditions in the multicultural context, and also its development process from closed to open. The paper aims to clarify this period of architectural history and provide a mirror for the design practice of contemporary architecture in Xi'an. To examine the problems of pursuing the “odd, big, and same” type of architecture in contemporary urban development in China would serve as the inspiration and reflection for contemporary urban architectural creation activities.